1. Ground Rupture – Deformation on the ground that marks the intersection of the with the earth’s surface.

Effects: Fissuring, displacement of the ground due to movement of the fault.

 

2. Ground Shaking – Disruptive up, down and sideways vibration of the ground during an earthquake.

Effects: Damage or collapse of structure; may consequently cause hazards such as liquesfaction and landslide.

 

3. Liquefaction – Phenomenon wherein sediments, especially near bodies of water, behave like liquid simila to a quicksand.

Effects: Sinking and or titling od structure above it; sandboil; fissuring

 

4. Earthquake-induced landslide – Down slope movement of rocks, soil and other debris commonly triggered by strong shaking.

Effects: Erosion, burial and blockage of roads and rivers

 

5. Tsunami – Series of waves caused commonly by an earthquake under the sea.

Effects: Flooding; coastal erosion; drowning of people and damage to properties.